The terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001 : immediate impacts and their ramifications for federal emergency management / Claire B. Rubin and Irmak Renda-Tanali.

Cover title

Spiral bound

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CMS-0080977

In researching and documenting the outcomes of the events in New York City and the Pentagon, the authors chose to focus primarily on emergency management at the federal level. Even with this limited focus, the effects of the September 11 events on the federal government involves a huge array of impacts and outcomes. This report will briefly describe the events and their effects, giving more time and space to some of the early impacts and ramifications. The report deals generally with emergency management issues and actions during the first 30 days after September 11. It does not cover the many problems and issues connected with the public management of health and environmental issues that began to emerge about four weeks after the attacks took place. Finally, the research relied mainly on secondary sources, because it was not possible to gain access to key actors for personal interviews in the first few weeks after the massive event.