Assessment of the state-of-the-art earthquake loss estimation methodologies.

Bibliography: p. 171-300

Major loss studies -- Approach of study -- Potential earth science hazards (PESH) -- Inventory literature -- Direct physical damage -- Induced physical damage -- Economic losses and social impact literature

This report contains the results of an assessment conducted by the National Institute of Building Sciences (NIBS) and FEMA to develop a nationally applicable standard method for estimating potential earthquake losses in each region of the U.S. The report surveys the existing literature, identifying studies to determine their potential as components of a standard method; identifies gaps in existing methods; and recommends ways to fill these gaps. It outlines potential hazards, such as ground shaking, ground failure, and tsumanis; examines potential direct physical damage to the general building stock, emergency facilities, and lifelines; describes potential damage due to fire, hazardous materials releases, and floods following earthquakes; and explores economic and social losses