Causes of disaster : sloppy management.

Includes bibliographical references

Reprinted from British Journal of Management; 1994; Vol. 5; p. 215-219

The loss of control associated with accidents and disasters can have severe negative consequences for the organizations involved. Some disasters are caused by inadequacies of management, or by unprofessional behaviour but others arise when disaster preconditions are generated as a result of the normal functioning of larger managerial and technical systems. During the incubation period preceding a major incident, therefore, two levels of correction need to be considered to avoid disasters. 'Sloppy management' of various kinds can be tackled by establishing, strengthening and asserting appropriate forms of management and control. The system properties which constitute disaster preconditions are less immediately accessible to management control. At both levels managers in pursuit of high reliability should expect to have to make a range of trade-offs