Disaster beliefs and emergency planning.

Perceptions and beliefs about what the public knows and expects to occur in disaster settings, especially during hurricanes, tornadoes, and floods, were examined and analysed. Two major aspects addressed by this study were : (1) the extent and accuracy of information espoused by the public concerning patterns of social behaviour during disasters, and (2) community preparedness measures and policies in light of the nature of public knowledge and expectations. Disaster myths were examined by interviewing citizens and officials of "disaster subcultures" to obtain their insights into level patterns of behaviour including panic, looting, and disaster shock. Over 70 disaster plans were examined and evaluated. Case studies were drawn using three "disaster sub-cultures" known as Hurricane City, Tornadoville, and floodtown. Results of the study indicate that a majority of respondents are not aware of the true patterns of social behavior in disaster. Public education programs are recommended to dispel disaster myths and increase the level of knowledge of both officials and the public at large. In addition, preparation should be made to handle the various forms of convergence which can be expected to impact the area.